Mental health conditions account for a large proportion of global disease burden due to a combination of high prevalence, most lifetime mental health conditions arising before adulthood, and a broad range of impacts across health including suicide, education, employment, social relationships, crime, violence and stigma. Poor mental wellbeing has a similar broad range of impacts. Crises such as pandemics and conflict further increase risk of mental health conditions, their relapse and poor mental wellbeing.
Effective public mental health (PMH) interventions exist to treat mental health conditions, prevent associated impacts, prevent mental health conditions from arising and promote mental wellbeing. Groups at higher risk of mental health conditions and poor mental wellbeing require targeted approaches to prevent widening of inequalities.
Globally however, only a minority of those with mental health conditions receive any treatment with far less coverage in low- and middle-income countries. Provision of interventions to prevent associated impacts is even lower, and provision of interventions to prevent mental health conditions or promote mental wellbeing is negligible. The public mental health implementation gap breaches the right to health and results in population scale preventable suffering, broad impacts and associated economic costs. Various reasons account for the gap including insufficient policy, implementation and funding with only 2% of global health expenditure allocated to mental health (WHO, 2025).
The WPA PMH Section supports the WPA's 2023-26 Action Plan and continues the work of the WPA PMH Working Group, WPA's Public Mental Health Special Interest Group and WPA Public Mental Health Section to support:
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Improved implementation of evidence-based PMH interventions in different countries in the following ways:
- Highlight opportunities to scale up implementation of a variety of PMH interventions in different cultural contexts, including for groups at increased risk of mental health conditions
- Support translation of evidence into practice including through policy
- Raise awareness of the importance and prioritisation of PMH in national policies
- Support national assessments of unmet PMH needs across diverse populations, and required actions, which then inform policy development and implementation.
- Support PMH training including through digital platforms
- Work with the WPA Medical Student Special Interest Group to support PMH training as well as sustainable reduction in medical student psychiatric morbidity
- Collaborate with the WPA Service Users and Family Supporters SIG
- Support integrated PMH approaches to disease management and prevention through engagement with primary care, general health systems, public health and other sectors
- WPA associated work including publications (below), presentations and the Specialist Corner of the WPA 2023-26 Action Plan, which includes public mental health as a cross cutting theme
- Collaboration with other organizations including WHO, World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA), World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA), OECD and United Nations including for the 2025 UN Political Declaration on NCDs and mental health
- Disseminate PMH relevant work including publications, webinars, presentations and training resources
The WPA Public Mental Health Section continues the activities of the WPA Public Mental Health Working Group and Special Interest Group which has published the following:
- Lancet Psychiatry. Harnessing the power of constitutional rights and legal frameworks to scale up public mental health implementation; 2026
- Neuropsychiatrie. Public mental health: a WPA priority and key opportunity to address implementation failure; 2025
- World Federation of Public Health Associations, World Organization of General Practitioners and World Psychiatric Association. Public Mental Health Joint Statement; 2023
- World Psychiatric Association. Position Statement on Public Mental Health; 2023
- World Social Psychiatry. Public mental health - the case and required actions; 2023
- Lancet Psychiatry. Public mental health: required actions to address implementation failure in the context of COVID-19; 2022
- Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Public mental health: An opportunity to address implementation failure; 2022
- World Psychiatry. WPA Working Group on Public Mental Health: objectives and recommended actions; 2022
- Lancet Psychiatry. Addressing the public mental health challenge of COVID-19; 2020
- Indian Journal Psychiatry. Public mental health and associated opportunities; 2020
- Indian Journal Psychiatry. Mental health of migrants; 2020
- World Social Psychiatry. The Need for a Public Mental Health Approach to COVID 19; 2020
- World Psychiatric Association. Public mental health briefing on COVID-19; 2020
- Vigo DV, Stein DJ, Harris MG, et al. Effective treatment for mental and substance use disorders in 21 Countries . JAMA Psychiatry. 2025;82(4):347–357.
- Patel V, Saxena S, Lund C, et al. Transforming mental health systems globally . Lancet. 2023;402(10402):656–666.
- Dragioti E, Radua J, Solmi M, et al. Global population attributable fraction of potentially modifiable risk factors for mental disorders: A meta umbrella systematic review . Mol Psychiatry. 2022;27:3510–3519.
- Arango C, Dragioti E, Solmi M, et al. Risk and protective factors for mental disorders beyond genetics: an evidence-based atlas . World Psychiatry. 2021;20(3):417-436.
- Campion J. Public mental health: Evidence, practice and commissioning. Royal Society of Public Health ; 2019.
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World Health Organization (WHO)
- WHO. World leaders adopt a historic global declaration on non-communicable diseases and mental health. World Health Organization ; 2025.
- WHO. Guidance on policy and strategic actions to protect and promote mental health and well-being across government sector. World Health Organization ; 2025.
- WHO. Mental Health Atlas 2024 . World Health Organization; 2025.
- WHO. Mental Health GAP Action Programme , including 2023 third edition , and 2024 Lancet article .
- WHO. World mental health report: transforming mental health for all . World Health Organization; 2022.
- WHO. Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2030 . World Health Organization; 2021.
Available global public mental health training by region and country has been outlined in BJPsych Advances (2025) The case for global public mental health training
Examples of Public Mental Health Training Programmes:
- African Mental Health Research Initiative
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health: Public Mental Health Master of Philosophy , and Post Graduate Diploma
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine / Kings College London: Masters in Global Mental Health
- NHS England, MindEd and e-Learning for Healthcare (2024): Public mental health e-Learning Module (2024 Update)
- University of Ibadan, Nigeria: Mental Health Leadership and Advocacy Programme
- World Health Organization (2023): Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) guideline for mental, neurological and substance use disorders
Gabriela Cruz Ares was chair of the Section Public Policy and Psychiatry from 2022 until 2025. She joined the section in 2019 as co-chair. She was too young to leave us, just 49 years old. Gabriela was foremost a lovely human being, a very dedicated psychiatrist and a creative, inspiring and supportive member of the Section. She initiated and took part in all the symposia we submitted and presented at the different WPA meetings. The last presentation our section had with Gabriela was at the WPA World congress in Vienna in 2023 with the title: “Ecosystems, Nature and Mental Health – can public policy make a positive contribution?”, which was an intersectional symposium between the Section for Public Policy and Psychiatry and the Section for Evolutionary Psychiatry.
Gabriela was born in Mexico where she studied medicine, with a post degree in forensic psychiatry. She met her husband Jan in Berlin during a vacation in 2009. He moved first to Mexico to be with her, where their first daughter was born. They then moved to Germany in 2011, where Gabriela got to work as a doctor in a day clinic in psychiatry. Her second daughter was born in 2015. She then started the long road for acceptance as a German psychiatrist which was achieved in 2020. Since then, she worked in the department of psychiatry and psychotherapy in Asklepios Westklinikum in Hamburg, Germany.
Her passing away is so very, very sad, mostly for her two daughters and husband, but for us in the Public Policy section, there is also an empty space after her. We miss her, with her characteristic smile, positivity, her way of saying “super”, her engagement, her professionalism, new ideas for the field and always eager to support public policy in psychiatry. We will try to do our best without her.
Members of the Public Policy and Psychiatry section,
Ann Faerden, Vivienne Miller, Alan Rosen, Mariana Pinto da Costa
